Physics of Meteors :: physics space meteor falling star

A falling star is really a Meteor and is a form of space debris. They are not really stars at all. There are cases where meteors have entered the Earth’s atmosphere. In most cases, Meteors burn up upon entry into the atmosphere and never make it to the surface of the planet. There are times when the meteor starts to burn up, but because the mass is big enough, it makes it to the surface, smaller then when it started out. Through both means, the meteor deals with some measure of resistance upon entering the atmosphere. The main resistance that the meteor encounters is air resistance (or drag). Due to this collision with the atmosphere, the meteor’s surface begins to melt and vaporize causing the meteor to start breaking apart at its outer layers. When a meteor enters Earth’s atmosphere, they enter at a minimum velocity. This minimum velocity is about 11km per second (25,000 miles per hour). That is quicker then a bullet being fired from a gun. That is only the minimum; there are meteors that can get going much faster. Another comparison to this is that a space shuttle moves around the Earth roughly at about 8km per second. Most meteors burn up when they enter Earth’s atmosphere. There are a few meteors however, that make it to the surface. The ones that make it to the ground are called meteorites. Not all meteors are the same material wise. Some meteors are made out of rock, while others are made out of iron. Some even have a mixture of both, but in most cases, it is one or the other. A fun fact that came up is that as much a 4 billion meteors fall to the Earth each day. Most of them are not significant enough for anyone to notice. Another one is that the Earth gains about a million kilograms of mass a day from meteors. If you let N equal the number of stone meteorites, which fall on one km2 of the surface of the Earth during a one-year period and N, includes all meteorites with a mass greater then or equal to m kg. The rate of the number of meteorites that touches down is:

My Career as Social Work Practitioner Essay

When I considered social work as a profession the decision was one made with great ease. As a juvenile I faced many hardships that still affect my everyday life. After beginning my education as a social work major I now realize I was a youth that lacked a necessary advocate. Alot of problems that I dealt with could have been disputed or even prevented had I been able to receive certain resources and interact with the proper professionals. I notice also that there are more potential cases than professionals available to solve them today. The world we live in lacks advocates with the well-being of those suffering social problems in mind. My past and the sight I have gained for the future ,alone lead me to the profession of a social worker. As an adolescent I found myself in and out of the juvenile correctional system for various incidents. I now can say I struggled with many typical issues faced by those of my generation, while at the time not knowing of any help available to me outsid e of my home. Not only did I struggle with acting out but I also had many emotional tribulations that I later found could be maintained by seeking help from a clinical professional. While feeling I was at an dead end I met a social worker through Harris County JJAEP named Thelma Herman. With the help of Mrs. Herman I was able to take benefit of all the help and resources I was once lacking. She got involved in the middle of a big crisis in my life that lacked a lot of understanding from those around me. Her influences’ put me in the right direction with my education and allowed me to regain a hold on my life. Once I took advantage of various programs such as; Houston Advocates, MHMRA, and Snap, I was able to notice a great difference in my everyday life due to these resources. When I decided to further my education I spent a period of time looking for a profession that would suite my purpose of wanting to help others, that were in like situations of my own. Helping the youth, educating parents, and providing necessary resources’ for a family to properly function, can all be achieved in the social work profession. In the future as a social worker, I plan to practice at a micro level in schools or possibly a juvenile detention center. Past experiences alone will give me the basis I need to successfully help my clients and give them the necessary resources to be productive in life. My ultimate career goal will be to open a girl’s home, that offers all resources needed for girls age 13-21 with the intentions all who come through the doors will lead successful lives as an adult. I feel that every bit of my goals as a social work practitioner are achievable and thus the reason I find this very profession suitable.

Chapter 23 the Evolution of Populations - 6020 Words

Biology, 7e (Campbell) Chapter 23: The Evolution of Populations Chapter Questions 1) What is the most important missing evidence or observation in Darwins theory of 1859? A) the source of genetic variation B) evidence of the overproduction of offspring C) evidence that some organisms became extinct D) observation that variation is common in populations E) observation that competition exists in populations Answer: A Topic: Concept 23.1 Skill: Knowledge 2) Which hypothesis of inheritance, common at Darwins time, caused many to question the ability of natural selection to bring about adaptation in populations? A) particulate hypothesis B) blending hypothesis C) chromosomal hypothesis D) nucleic acid hypothesis E)†¦show more content†¦What is the percentage of the population that is heterozygous for this allele? A) 3 B) 9 C) 21 D) 30 E) 42 Answer: E Topic: Concept 23.1 Skill: Application 12) In a Hardy-Weinberg population with two alleles, A and a, that are in equilibrium, the frequency of allele a is 0.2. What is the frequency of individuals with Aa genotype? A) 0.20 B) 0.32 C) 0.42 D) 0.80 E) Genotype frequency cannot be determined from the information provided. Answer: B Topic: Concept 23.1 Skill: Application 13) In a population with two alleles, A and a, the frequency of a is 0.50. What would be the frequency of heterozygotes if the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? A) 1.00 B) 0.75 C) 0.50 D) 0.25 E) 0.10 Answer: C Topic: Concept 23.1 Skill: Application 14) Most copies of harmful recessive alleles in a sexual species are carried by individuals that are A) haploid. B) polymorphic. C) homozygous for the allele. D) heterozygous for the allele. E) B and C Answer: D Topic: Concept 23.1 Skill: Knowledge 15) In a population with two alleles, A and a, the frequency of A is 0.2. Organisms that are homozygous for A die before reaching sexual maturity. In five generations, what would be the frequency of individuals with aa genotypes? A) less than 0.04 B) 0.04 C) 0.32 D) 0.64 E) greater than 0.64Show MoreRelatedBrian Skyrms Evolution of the Social Contract1661 Words   |  7 PagesSkyrms book, Evolution of the Social Contract, offers a compelling explanation as to why individuals, when placed with one-shot prisoner s dilemmas, will often cooperate, or choose the equilibrium that will benefit both parties equally. He uses examples to outline how individuals of certain environments frequently engage in activities that benefit the group at their own personal expense. Using both game theory and decision theory, Skyrms explores problems with the social contract when it isRead MoreReconciling Darwins Theory of Natural Selection and Intelligent Design835 Words   |  4 Pagescomponent of evolution. Natural selection occurs when some members of a population are better fit for survival and reproduction than the others in that population (Phelan 284-85, 2011). The environment in which organisms live plays a part in natural selection as well. Depending on the c onditions of the environment, the organisms may pass down selected traits to their offspring. These selected traits will allow for the next generation to better adapt and survive longer. One example of evolution that hasRead MoreThe Selfish Gene917 Words   |  4 Pages  -Strong Atheist      - â€Å"he conveys his opinion that evolution is correct without question† (Miletic). #3: Philosophical -Strongly believes in Science proving evolution †¢#2: Educational      -Education in biology      Doctorate in Philosophy, Master of Arts #4: Professional -Evolutionary biologist, affects writing Loading... Central Claims †¢Natural Selection  ¡People survive by natural selfishness, because their genes compete to survive. †¢Evolution  ¡Darwin’s Theory Book Summary †¢The SelfishRead MoreAp Bio Chapter 231661 Words   |  7 Pages\ Chapter 23 Reading guide 1. what is the smallest unit of evolution and why is this important to understand? The population is the smallest unit of evolution . This is important to understand because it keeps clear what is evolving. 2. Define the following terms: a. Microevolution: evolutionary change below the species level; change in the genetic makeup of a population from generation to generation. It is evolutionary change on its smallest scale b. Population: a localized groupRead MoreThe Reconstruction Of Power By Margaret Atwood943 Words   |  4 Pagesof this transitional society (Abcarian 1403-1404). In the beginning of Chapter 23, the role of memory in the novel expands, and the readers test the narrator’s creditability. Offred concludes that all of her memories are â€Å"reconstructions†, and that she will continue this practice even if she escapes Gilead. She continues to relate fluid memories to forgiveness and forgiveness to an unnaturally complacent and obedient population (Atwood 134-135). Identifying a powerful relationship between memoriesRead MoreSex-Linked Traits Through Meiosis and How It Relates to Genetics.1609 Words   |  7 Pagesexamining the hierarchy that ranges from the fundamentals of cell biology to the physiology of organisms, and the interactions among those organisms in their environment. The topics in this course include cell biology, genetics, molecular biology, evolution, phy siology, and ecology. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: †¢ University policies: You must be logged into the studentRead MoreBiology 101 Review Essay1102 Words   |  5 PagesBio 101 Review Sheet Test #1 (Chapters 1-3) Chapter 1 1. Cell is basic unit of life 2. Hierarchy of life figure 3. 3 Energy categories and examples of each Producer-plants and some microbes Consumer-humans and other animals Decomposer-fungi and other animals 4. Energy transfers are not 100% efficient – why? Cant capture all of the energy supplied by one source a. Where does all energy for biology come from? sun 5. 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Alan Bennetts A Cream Cracker Under The Settee Essay

Alan Bennetts A Cream Cracker Under The Settee Alan Bennetts purpose in writing A Cream Cracker Under The Settee is to highlight the problems old people face. He points out that obsession with hygiene can be destructive I never should have tried to dust. Everytime the old lady cleans she gets into trouble. He criticises society for neglecting the old Home help. Home hindrance. Years ago people used to respect the old, look up to them. But now they get swept under the carpet and forgotten about. Bennett also highlights the lack of communication in society Dont know anybody round here now. Folks opposite, I dont know them. Neighbours used to look out for each other, but now†¦show more content†¦The language Bennett used was that of an old lady, but it still had some common speech in it, he uses many contractions to mimic everyday speech. Thems her leaves. Bennett reveals the character through layers of meaning and dramatic irony. He uses colloquial and dialetic terms that are associated with particular social groups so the readers can associate with what shes saying. Bennett uses a single speaker - the old lady. He uses only one person because the message comes across stronger. He uses everyday talk from a northern town Never see a bonified caller. He does this because then it sounds like a real person, a real person doesnt speak the queens English every second of the day. This poem is a tragic-comedy and a rollercoaster of emotions for the reader. Doris tells us about a lot of her life, her childhood, the early years of her marriage and now as an elderly woman. This instantly makes the audience feel as if we know her so we are more sympathetic to her situation. This main thing that links everything is the fact that she is now alone - her only child was stillborn, and she is a widow - there is nobody to help her, and again the fact that5 this is a monologue reinforces this. The fact that we dont know what happens at the end - even though we can make an educated guess, makes us think the worst and feel sorry for her even more. Dorisshares herShow MoreRelatedAlan Bennetts A Cream Cracker Under the Settee Essay760 Words   |  4 PagesAlan Bennetts A Cream Cracker Under the Settee Doris, the 75 year old house-proud woman is the main character, the only character in fact in Alan Bennetts dramatic monologue A Cream Cracker Under the Settee. This play is divided into four scenes, each of which are demarcated by blackout. These four scenes show the passage of time throughout one day in the life of Doris, and changes of room and position. Given the limitations its form imposes the play is a successfulRead More Alan Bennetts A Cream Cracker Under the Settee Essay1150 Words   |  5 PagesAlan Bennetts A Cream Cracker Under the Settee How does Alan Bennett reveal Doris’ character, life and attitude in the dramatic monologue â€Å"a cream cracker under the settee†? Many of Bennetts characters are unfortunate and downtrodden, as in the Talking Heads series of monologues that was first performed at the Comedy Theatre in London in 1992, and then transferred to television. This was a sextet of poignantly comic pieces, each of which portrayed several stages in the characters declineRead MoreThe Character of Doris in A Cream Cracker Under the Settee by Alan Bennett3380 Words   |  14 PagesCharacter of Doris in A Cream Cracker Under the Settee by Alan Bennett The melancholy of life, death and old age, are one of the many issues dealt with, in Alan Bennett’s heart-rending tale. It tells the story of an isolated, fragile, elderly woman, who feels ensnared in a modernised society in which she strives for her sovereignty and prominence. In a culture where the old are forgotten, neglected and depicted as useless. ‘A Cream Cracker Under The Settee’ seems to be theRead MoreA Cream Cracker Under the Settee. Alan Bennett4299 Words   |  18 Pageswith, in Alan Bennett’s heart-rending tale. It tells the story of an isolated, fragile, elderly woman, who feels ensnared in a modernised society in which she strives for her sovereignty and prominence. In a culture where the old are forgotten, neglected and depicted as useless. ‘A Cream Cracker Under The Settee’ seems to be the perfect title of the play as the double entendre epitomizes this remarkably. In addition, another reason for the dramatic piece being called ‘A Cream Cracker Under The Settee’Read MoreA Sense of Tragedy and Humour in alan Bennetts Talking Heads Monologues908 Words   |  4 PagesA Sense of Tragedy and Humour in alan Bennetts Talking Heads Monologues Alan Bennett uses a variety of techniques to convey a sense of both tragedy and humour in his Talking Heads monologues. I will be looking specifically at Bed Among The Lentils and Cream Cracker Under The Settee. Alan Bennett achieves both of these effects by use of several clever choices regarding the casting as well as sound and visual effects. There are two very different types of humourRead More Alan Bennetts Talking Heads Essay1803 Words   |  8 PagesAlan Bennetts Talking Heads Talking heads by Alan Bennett is a collection of monologues in which the audience are showed into the life of a character and given an insight into the characters personality and situation.peoples lives are portrayed in comic ways leaving the audience feeling sympathy and guilt for the character in laughing at their misfortune. Monologues are a long speech made by one person. This style of script is really effective and has a powerful effect on the

Sigmund Freud The Father Of Psychoanalysis - 1615 Words

Sigmund Freud One very famous, significant leader who left a famous legacy was Sigmund Freud who helped thousands of people with mental illness with his psychoanalysis theories, by talking and being straight forward into the point on how a person can overcome their illness, he once said, â€Å"If you want to live a life be prepared for death† . Sigmund Freud was born on May 6, 1886 in Germany and died on September 23, 1939 and was an Austrian neurologist. During the years he was working he became famous by becoming â€Å"The Father of Psychoanalysis.† Freud was known as the father of psychoanalysis because not only did he create a treatment for psychopathology, he also developed therapeutic techniques and made a huge analysis of dreams. He was a leader because his work inspired other psychologists to use his theories, to this day and made more treatments exist. Sigmund Freud lived with his mother and father when he was little. They were never very rich they had just enough to get by, Sigmund had two older half–brothers and his father was a merchant. Freud was part Jewish and came from a very religious Hebrew family , and at the time he was getting his education the classes of medical and law were an open choice for him because of his race and culture and he fell in love and was very interested in all types of science so he chose the medical field. He loved science and when he was grown up he graduated in 1881 and found a lady after he graduated they got engaged; soon after Freud andShow MoreRelatedSigmund Freud : The Father Of Psychoanalysis1420 Words   |  6 Pages Sigmund Freud is an Austrian neurologist who is credited as the father of psychoanalysis. He became a doctor of medicine at the University of Vienna in 1881. He was the one to create psychoanalysis, which is a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialo gue between a patient and a psychoanalyst. While creating this, he developed therapeutic techniques, like the use of free association. Overall, Sigmund Freud is possibly the most influential person in psychology history. Sigmund FreudRead MoreSigmund Freud, The Father of Psychoanalysis939 Words   |  4 Pages The father of psychoanalysis. Formerly known as a boy born to a poor wool merchant. Sigmund Freud was born to parents Jakob and Amalia, who at the time had not a single penny to their name. Freud graduated from high school with honors, and was fluent in many languages. At age 17 he attended the University of Vienna, with interests in law. However, he joined the university medical faculty, where he studied physiology, philosophy, and zoology. In 1881 he graduated with an MD. One year later he joinedRead MoreEssay on Sigmund Freud: The Father of Psychoanalysis1580 Words   |  7 Pages Sigmund Freud, also known as the father of psychoanalysis, was born May 6th of 1856 in Freiberg, Moravia. A few years later he moved to Vienna, Austria and years after to England. Sigmund Freud was known for connecting psychological issues with sexual issues. Freud demonstrated a broad perspective on t hings involving dreams, religion, and cultural artifacts. He focused on different states of the mind, such as unconsciousness. Freud relied on a local sexual repression issue to create theoriesRead MoreLiterature Review. Sigmund Freud, The Father Of Psychoanalysis,1497 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature Review Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis, was a physiologist, medical doctor, psychologist, and influential thinker of the early twentieth century (Thornton, 2011). Freud is one of the commonly known superstars in the field of psychology, quickly becoming famous for his study of the unconscious. Freudian Psychology is a form of analysis that is derived from the work of Mr. Freud, largely focusing on his most profound concept, psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis is an approach to personalityRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology1283 Words   |  6 PagesSigmund Freud (1856-1939), is a pioneer in the field of psychology in various ways. His dedication to his field helped shape the minds of many nineteen-century contemporary schools of thought. Most notably, Freud’s work in psychoanalytic theory, according to Tan (2011) earned him the title of, â€Å"father of psychoanalysis† (p. 322). Moreover, Tan Taykeyesu (2011) report that Freud’s genius is not just in psychoanalysis, but also when we â€Å"think Oedipus complex, infantile sexuality, and repression†Read MoreSigmund Freud Essay1721 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Man is a wolf to man.† These are the words that surprised millions when Freud first opened the discussion of human nature (Freud). Sigmund Freud, born in 1856 and died in 1939, was known to be the father of psychoanalysis (Jones). He lived his whole life trying to reach into the human unconsciousness and unravel the puzzle of life, human personality, and human nature (Chiriac). Sigmund Freud was influenced by the environment post World War I, and influenced the world through his theories and hisRead MoreAnna Freud1216 Words   |  5 PagesANNA FREUD Anna Freud Anna Freud Selecting a woman that made significant contributions to the field of psychology between the years 1850 and 1950 is not an easy task as there is more than one woman who made significant contributions to the field of Psychology. Out of those talented women Anna Freud, overshadows her colleagues. Anna can be considered to have a fascinating background, which influenced her later development of unique theoretical perspectives. Her father, Sigmund Freud famousRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology1568 Words   |  7 Pages Freud Sigmund Yifan Wang Current issues in history Vanier College 2014-11-11 Freud Sigmund In the 19th century, people progressed toward a new era of scientific revolution with new inventions and technologies. Doctors find treatment to heal cancer and people lives longer than before. On the other hand, Freud Sigmund the Jewish psychiatrist offered a new cure to mental illness that individual suffers from (The European Graduate School, 2012). Although he may have the most of influenceRead MoreEssay on The Comparison of Sigmund Freud and B.F. Skinner892 Words   |  4 PagesThe Comparison of Sigmund Freud and B.F. Skinner One name that jumps out at the mention of psychology, or the study there of, is the name of Sigmund Freud. Sigmund Freud is also known as the â€Å"Father of Psychoanalysis.† Freud was also known for having the tendency to trace nearly all psychological problems back to sexual issues. Although only parts of his theory of psychosexual development are still accepted by mainstream psychologists, Freuds theory of the Oedipal Complex has become a culturalRead MoreAnna Freuds Role in the History of Psychology1527 Words   |  7 PagesAnna Freud, born in 1895, was the daughter of Sigmund Freud, the well-known founder of psychology and the psychoanalytic theory. Anna Freud’s work with her father and his friends and associates as well as her own personal studies, curiosities, and analyses lead her to cofound psychoanalytic child psychology. An appealing woman who did not have much of a formal education, Anna Freud, had an extensive background in psychology, an interesting th eoretical perspective, and many contributions to the

Maintaining a Healty Body Free Essays

There are many different factors involved in maintaining a healthy body, such as; a balanced diet, regular exercise, staying hydrated, making sure you get the right vitamins and nutrients your body needs, getting enough sleep, taking prescribed medication properly, and avoiding drugs and alcohol. This essay is going to focus on how to maintain a healthy body when you are pregnant, for both the mother and the baby, through a healthy diet and lifestyle, and also the repercussions if these are not adhered to. A healthy, balanced diet is important for everyone to maintain a healthy body, but t is particularly important during pregnancy as it will keep you fit and healthy, as well as improving the growth and development of the baby. We will write a custom essay sample on Maintaining a Healty Body or any similar topic only for you Order Now The ‘eatwell plate’ shows the four main food groups that are important when trying to eat well-balanced meals, as recommended by the Food Standard’s Agency. We are advised to eat five portions (a minimum of 400g) of fruit and vegetables every day in order to get a good combination of the vitamins and minerals our bodies need. They are also a great source of fibre, needed to prevent constipation, and they contribute to reducing the risk of stroke, type 2 diabetes and heart disease. A third of the food that we eat should be made up of foods that are higher in carbohydrates and fibre. These are known as starchy foods and are essential because they digest slowly, giving us more energy and helping us to feel full for longer, making it less likely for us to over-eat. Dairy foods, such as, milk, cheese, and yoghurt are also important, especially in pregnant women, as they provide us with protein, essential for growth and repair, and calcium which keeps our bones strong and is vital for the development of the baby’s bones and teeth. However, there are some dairy products that pregnant omen are advised to avoid as they could make you ill or harm the baby. Foods rich in protein, such as; fish, eggs, chicken and lean meat are also necessary as part of a well-balanced diet. These provide us with essential vitamins and minerals, for example; iron and vitamin 812. Pregnant women are expected to eat two portions of fish each week, preferably oily fish such as salmon because they are rich in Omega-3, which assists in maintaining a healthy heart, and are also a good source of vitamin D. Pregnant women can get most of the vitamins and minerals they need by eating a healthy, balanced diet. However, women who suffer from morning sickness may find it difficult to eat the right amount of food necessary to obtain these. Therefore, they are recommended to take supplements. It is crucial to take folic acid during pregnancy as it assists in the prevention of neural tube defects, for example, spina bifida. Women are advised to take 400 micrograms of folic acid every day from when they are trying to conceive up until the twelfth week of pregnancy. Vitamin D is also important during pregnancy as it helps to regulate the amount of phosphate and calcium in the body. It is recommended that women take 10 micrograms of vitamin D aily, throughout the pregnancy and when they are breastfeeding in order to reduce the risk ot rickets disease, which can attect the development ot the baby’s bones. Many pregnant women often feel lethargic and this is mainly due to an iron deficiency. This can be avoided by taking an iron supplement which has been proven to reduce anemia, and thus could possibly reduce the risk of other pregnancy complications, such as hemorrhaging. Zinc is another important supplement, proven to decrease the risk of premature birth, low birth weight and pre-eclampsia [3], which could be very dangerous as it may develop into eclampsia, causing the mother o have fits, threatening the survival of the mother and the baby. 4] Iodine supplementation is crucial during pregnancy, particularly in the first trimester as it is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, needed for the development of the baby’s brain. A lack of iodine could lead to hypothyroxinemia in the mother and the foetus, which could potentially lead to the baby being born with brain damage or other neurological deficits. [5]. Although it is important to have a varied, balanced diet, there are some foods that pregnant women are advised to avoid as they can cause serious illness to the mother nd the baby. One of these is unpasteurized milk, or foods that contain it, such as soft cheese. These could carry listeria, which are a harmful bacteria that can survive at refrigerator temperatures and can cause listeriosis. Methylmercury is also very dangerous as it can be harmful to the developing nervous system of an unborn baby. This can be avoided by not eating large fish, such as swordfish and tile-fish, as they contain high levels of methylmercury. It is extremely important that pregnant women cook meat thoroughly, in order to prevent toxoplasmosis. This is caused by a harmful arasite called toxoplasma, found in raw or undercooked meat and also fruit and vegetables that have not been washed properly. 6] Exercise is extremely beneficial during pregnancy for a number of reasons. Core exercises that strengthen the abdominal, back and pelvic muscles will help to relieve back pain and should give women an advantage during labor as they will be physically prepared. Fatigue and difficulty sleeping are common problems among pregnant women. Those who exercise regularly claim to sleep better and have more energy during the day. Also, when we exercise our brains release endorphins, these re â€Å"feel good† hormones that help to improve your mood and decrease anxiety. 7] Smoking during pregnancy has serious implications for the mother and the baby. Smoking increases the risk of heart disease and stroke, but it causes additional health problems during pregnancy such as premature birth and miscarriage. It may also cause low birth weight, making the baby more prone to infections and could be fatal. It can cause the placenta to separate from the womb too early, cutting off the baby’s source of food and oxygen and causing bleeding. [8] Drinking when pregnant seriously affects the unborn baby as it can stop the baby rom growing properly and affect brain development. This is because when the woman drinks, the alcohol passes through the placenta and enters the baby’s bloodstream. [9] In conclusion, it is evident that women need to be extremely careful in all aspects of pregnancy. Their diet and lifestyle must be altered to benefit the mother and the unborn baby. It is crucial that pregnant women are made aware of the implications of not eating properly, eating the wrong foods, and not being strict about food hygiene, as all ot these could lead to serious illness in the mother and the baby, and in serious cases, could be life-threatening! http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/pregnancy-and-baby/pages/healthy-pregnancy-diet.aspx http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/pregnancy-and-baby/pages/vitamins-minerals-supplements-pregnant.aspx http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Pre-eclampsia/Pages/Introduction.aspx http://yalehealth.yale.edu/obstetricsprenatal-patientshttp://www.whattoexpect.com/pregnancy/exercise-benefits https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/maternalinfanthealth/tobaccousepregnancy/ https://www.rcog.org.uk/en/patients/patient-leaflets/alcohol-and-pregnancy/ How to cite Maintaining a Healty Body, Papers

Rubbish Has No Value free essay sample

TMA02: â€Å"Rubbish has no value â€Å" In this essay i want to discuss and analyse rubbish and it’s value. Rubbish has been described as something with no value, however value is a complex term and does not complete a clear picture of rubbish. To define rubbish clearly I want to discuss the relationship between rising affluence and consumer society and how they have produced more rubbish. Also what rubbish means to different people and who are the winners and losers in the mass generation of rubbish.I will also look at the sustainability of affluent societies, its effect of the environment and why negative externalities should be but are often not considered in the valuation of goods. Using Thompsons theory of rubbish(1979) and Baumans theory of consumption (1988) i hope to provide a detailed analysis of the pros and contra for the argument that â€Å" Rubbish has no value â€Å" To discuss rubbish and its value we need to discuss consumption and how and why consumpt ion has grown in society. In contemporary society people are not longer solely defined by what they do but more so by what do they consume.Consumption has a huge part to play in socialisation in term of what things we consume say about us and how we are trying to portray ourselves also. A question that was often asked when someone met someone new was â€Å" What do you do ? â€Å" , more so now the question is â€Å" What are you into ? â€Å" . ( Hetherington , 2009, p. 23 ) Generally people consume to define who they are but also some consumption is out of necessity for generally day to day living. E. g once a car was seen as a luxury but now for some it is a necessity for work. Bauman’s theory of consumption (Bauman, cited in Hetherington,2009, p. 25 ) talks about the seduced and the repressed in contemporary Western consumer society. People in a high affluent consumer society have more disposable income and can consume more to portray a social status of themselves and others. These people are known as the seduced and they are large consumers and produce the most waste and they are generally the winners in today’s society . They are seen to be valued in society and are socially included and have a valued identity.The opposite to which is they repressed whom consume less are often socially excluded and have devalued identities. People can move in an out of these groups depending on their income and circumstances. Advertising and social norms put pressure on people to become part of the seduced group whom consume more. Women entering the work place, households having dual incomes, the rise in the supermarket whom have low cost items allows people to consume more on smaller incomes and the decline in repair services are all factors in the rise of consumption and therefore more rubbish is produced.Now that we know some of the reason why rubbish has increased in modern society we can look more closely at the value of rubbish. I opened this essay saying that rubbish is often referred to something with no value. Rubbish sometimes can go from being worthless to being of worth again. We can use Thompsons theory ( Thompson, cited in Brown, 2009 p. 123 ) to examine this . Rubbish can be often seen as something offensive or not wanted. Take for example household waste , it has to be disposed of or it would cause offence.General house hold waste is worth nothing to an individual , however to a company who collects this waste and gets paid to do so is big business. Not only are they providing a service but are also recycling some of the raw materials to be reprocessed. To a household plastics and glass are worthless, however when a company deals in such huge numbers it is worth their while to process. So like the old saying what is one man’s trash is another man’s gold. Recycling increased from 1 % in 83/84 to 31% in 06/07 per person per year in the UK . ( Defra, 2007, Table 4 , cited in Brown, 2009 , p. 17 )A modern example is the mobile phone say an older model that is relatively worthless, there are ads on tv like Mazuma mobie with it’s slogan â€Å" Money for your old phone , Mazuma mobile. com â€Å" Obviously this firm is able to succeed in a viable business by providing a service of buying old broken mobile phones. We at home cannot dispose of them in a bin legally and they would be left around otherwise so this is a win win situation for Mazuma and the consumer. In this example we see how something is worth something and nothing at the same time.Thompson’s theory categorizes objects in three sections as follows. Objects planned for ordinary use have transient value as the value tends to drop over time, e. g mobile phone. Then a category of virtually zero value e. g a broken mobile phone and lastly a durable category whose value increases over time e. g art , jewellery and collectors items. ( Thompson , cited in Brown, 2009, p. 122 ) Thompsons theory shows how an item can sometimes move from a transient value through zero value and move onto to become a durable value item.This shows how something can turn to rubbish or zero value and come out the other side over time to a valuable (durable) item which is not considered rubbish. E. g maybe a painting from an artist who is not famous at time of the sale of the painting and over time society dictates the market price for various reasons such as supply and demand and fame of the artist. Clearly shows here something that was once rubbish or zero value is now of value. Obviously not all items go through this phase and it would it very hard to predict what items do for various reasons but majority would be disposed at zero value stage.One undervaluation of rubbish i want to look at is the environmental cost of affluent society on rubbish and the sustainability of modern society. Negative externalities such as environmental costs are often not considered in the value of goods produced and what happens them when disposed of. If this externality was considered the price of items would go up considerably due to the environmental costs of rubbish. Affluent countries are often the winners in rubbish disposal as they can pay poorer countries with less environmental laws to dispose of their rubbish.However greater education on recycling has been in effect for years now and we are recycling more than ever. We should follow the example of ROHS (Restrication of Hazardous Substances) payment that is paid on purchase of items on tvs , computers etc . . ( www. epa. ie , RoHS Enforcement GuidanceDocument ,Version 1 – issued May 2006 ) If these costs were paid on food items and general items more focus and money would be spent on disposal of waste and how we can make it safer and sustain our environment.